Unit3
一、
学习目标
1． 了解中西方文化异同；
2． 掌握一些基本词汇和短语（如下所列）；
3． 掌握be动词在疑问句中的应用；
4． 掌握英语中的20个元音音素；
5． 掌握并运用下面所列的基本句型。
二、
学习内容
1． 词汇/短语
big adj.
大的 but
conj.
但是
card n.
卡片 China
n. 中国
country n. 国家；农村（简称） England n. 英格兰；（泛指）英国
for prep.
为了 France n. 法国
game
n. 游戏 hand n. 手
map
n. 地图 name n. 名字；姓名
on
prep.
在…上 our
pron. (we的所有格) 我们的
right
adj. 正确的 some adj. 一些
that pron. 那，那个 then adv. 然后，那么
three
num. 三 time n. 时间
what
pron. 什么 where adv. 哪里
which
pron. 哪一个 with
prep. 和…一起
without
prep. 没有 word n. 词，字；话
world n. 世界 yes adv. 是的
eager adj. 热切的，渴望的 be eager to do something 热切于做某事
eg: She is eager to help other students. 她热心于帮助其他同学。
He is always
eager to win. 他总是急于求成。
interesting adj. 有趣的，引起兴趣的
Eg: He is a most interesting man. 他是个极有趣的人。
It
is an extremely interesting story for children. 这是个令儿童感到很有趣的故事。
Jane
is not very interesting to talk to. 与简交谈没有意思。
look v.&n. 看，看上去
Eg: He looks sadness itself. 他看上去满脸愁容。
Please
look what time the train starts. 请查问清楚火车什么时候开。
Look
here. Who is the man in the picture? 瞧这，画中这男人是谁？
I
have looked at your essay and I think it is very good. 我已看过你的文章，我觉得很好。
play v. 玩，扮演
Eg: The children are playing ball with each
other. 孩子们正在打球。
They
are playing a game of chess. 他们正在下棋。
He
plays the part of Hamlet. 他扮演哈姆雷特的角色。
put v. 放，摆
Eg: Put your things under the bed. 把你的东西放到床底下。
You
put too much salt in this soup. 你在这汤里放的盐太多。
Please
put the box on the table. 请把盒子摆在桌子上。
It’s time for …. 该…的时间了。
Eg: It’s time for lunch. 该吃午饭了。
It’s
time for tea. 用茶的时间到了。
It’s
high time for relaxation. 早该休息消遣了。
2． 句型：朗读并掌握下列句型。
Pattern 1: Are you…/ Are
we…/ Are they…/ Am I…/ Is he…/ Is she…/ Is it…?
Eg: Are you Mr. Green from London?
Are
we to play the game?
Are
they students of your class?
Am
I the first to play the game?
Is
he the president of the university?
Is
she a Chinese student?
Is
it a map of China?
Pattern 2: What is it…? It’s
a… .
Eg: What is it on the wall? It’s a map of
Yunnan Province.
What
is it in his hand? It’s a pencil.
What
is it outside the classroom? It’s a playground.
Pattern 3: Here are some … .
Eg: Here are some cards with names of
countries.
Here
are some students from Yunnan Radio & TV University.
Here
are some interesting books.
Pattern 4: Which … is that?
It’s … .
Eg: Which country is that? It’s China.
Which
student is that? It’s Xiao Yang.
Which
course is that? It’s College English.
Pattern 5: Where is …? It’s
… .
Eg: Where is China? It’s here on the map.
Where
is your bike? It’s outside the college.
Where
is Lily? She is in the classroom.
Pattern 6: Look… . …?
Eg: Look at the map. Where is England?
Look
here. Which city is this?
Look
at him. Is he the new English teacher?
3． 语法知识：be 动词用于疑问句
be动词在疑问句中的位置有变化,在一般疑问句中, 直接将be动词提到句子主语之前，回答时用Yes 或No直接进行回答。
在特殊疑问句中, be动词则置于特殊疑问词后，主语之前。特殊疑问词有who（谁）, what（什么）, when（何时）, where（何处）, which（哪个，那些）, why（为什么）, how（怎样）等。若主语本身是特殊疑问词，则be动词自然只能放在疑问词之后，表语之前。回答问题时不能用Yes 或No进行回答，而必须针对所问作出具体的回答。
具体用法可参见下表例句：
一般疑问句
|
Be动词 |
主语 |
表语 |
译文 |
|
Am |
I |
right? |
我说的（做的）对吗？ |
|
Are |
you |
a student? |
你是个学生吗？ |
|
Is |
he |
at the airport? |
他在飞机场吗？ |
特殊疑问句
|
特殊疑问词 |
Be动词 |
主语 |
表语 |
译文 |
|
Who |
is |
|
in the room? |
谁在房间里？ |
|
What |
is |
|
on the map? |
地图上有什么？ |
|
When |
is |
the plane |
due? |
飞机什么时候到？ |
|
Where |
is |
Kunming? |
|
昆明在哪儿？ |
|
Which |
are |
yours? |
|
你的是那些？ |
|
Why |
are |
you |
happy? |
你为什么高兴？ |
|
How |
are |
you? |
|
你怎么样？/你好吗？ |
4． 语音知识
音素是语音的最小单位，英语共有48个音素，其中20个是元音音素，28个是辅音音素。
本单元我们学习20个元音音素。英语中有12个单元音和8个双元音，而单元音中有5个长元音和7个短元音。详情参见下表：
|
分 类 |
音 素 |
词 例 |
|
长元音 |
/I:/ |
sheep, she, we,
see, tea, seat, piece, believe, receive |
|
/C:/ |
saw, daughter,
law, tall, wall, salt, short, for, north |
|
|
/U:/ |
boot, too,
food, cook, pool, room, tool |
|
|
/B:/ |
calm, car,
star, bar, dark, fast, park |
|
|
/[:/ |
bird, sir,
girl, her, work, world, nurse, turn, learn |
|
|
短元音 |
/I/ |
ship, it, sit,
dig, did, pick, bit |
|
/C/ |
pot, sob, hot,
shop, shot |
|
|
/U/ |
put, book,
look, cook |
|
|
/Q/ |
cut, but, us,
much, duck, cup, hut |
|
|
/[/ |
China, river,
doctor, tractor, Saturday, grammar, sugar |
|
|
/A/ |
bad, hat, sad,
cat, black, had, lad, fat, lack |
|
|
/e/ |
bed, best, let,
head, deaf, death, |
|
|
双元音 |
/ei/ |
make, face,
take, wait, rain, sail, say, pay, day |
|
/ai/ |
bite, like,
ice, high, right, child, find, kind, my, try |
|
|
/Ci/ |
boy, toy, joy,
oil, noise, voice |
|
|
/i[/ |
here, ear,
hear, clear, beer, cheer, deer, pierce, fierce |
|
|
/Z[/ |
there, air,
chair, hair, care, dare, rare |
|
|
/U[/ |
tour, sure,
allure, poor, moor, boor |
|
|
/[U/ |
note, go, toe,
close, cold, coat, boat, soul, grow, slow |
|
|
/BU/ |
now, how, cow,
town, out, loud, house |
三、
自测题
Choose the correct answer.（选择正确答案）
1. This is _______ Binhai College, and Mr.
Green is the president of _______college.
A.
a, a B.
a, the C.
the, a D.
x, the
2. His plane is due at 10:00. Listen, _______
plane is in ______ airport now.
A.
a, a B. the, the C.
the, an D. a, an
3. London is _____ nice city, and it is ______
old city, too.
A.
a, an B.
an, a C.
the, a D.
a, the
4. Let’s go. ______ car is outside _______
library.
A.
the, the B. the, an C. a, an D. a, the
5. This is a map _______ the world.
A.
to B.
for C. of D.
in
6. It is time ______ breakfast now.
A.
at B.
to C.
have D.
for
7. The students are eager _______ play the
game.
A.
to B.
for C.
on D.
with
8. There are some cards ______ names of
countries.
A.
for B.
with C.
on D.
in
9. This is a map of America _______ words
_____ it.
A.
with, to B. on, without C. without, at D. without, on
10. Look ____ that plane. Is it _____
Beijing?
A.
at, in B. for, at C. at, from D.
out, from
1. D 2.
B 3.
A 4.
A 5. C 6.
D 7.
A 8.
B 9.
D 10.
C